
Geopolitical fragmentation and friendshoring
As geopolitical uncertainty rises – due to events ranging from Brexit and the increasing rivalry between major economies to

As geopolitical uncertainty rises – due to events ranging from Brexit and the increasing rivalry between major economies to

A confluence of negative forces – some the result of self-inflicted wounds and rising uncertainty about US policies and

In January 2026, the European Union will require importers of certain carbon-intensive goods to pay for their products’ embodied

The introduction of value added taxes has been widely perceived as successful, boosting government revenue and stimulating industrialisation. This

There is currently much discussion about President Trump’s tariffs, the US trade deficit, and its causes and impacts, but

Three forces have always shaped globalisation – technology, policies, and geopolitics. What distinguishes the current moment is that all

It is well established that exporters tend to be some of the most productive firms. But in today’s world,

Services are becoming increasingly important in global trade. This column shows that strong growth in services trade was driven

Amid geopolitical shocks, the EU is revisiting its industrial strategy. However, traditional metrics often paint a misleading picture of

The US embrace of power politics in the trade arena violates both the letter and spirit of the WTO’s

As geopolitical uncertainty rises – due to events ranging from Brexit and the increasing rivalry between major economies to

A confluence of negative forces – some the result of self-inflicted wounds and rising uncertainty about US policies and

In January 2026, the European Union will require importers of certain carbon-intensive goods to pay for their products’ embodied

The introduction of value added taxes has been widely perceived as successful, boosting government revenue and stimulating industrialisation. This

There is currently much discussion about President Trump’s tariffs, the US trade deficit, and its causes and impacts, but

Three forces have always shaped globalisation – technology, policies, and geopolitics. What distinguishes the current moment is that all

It is well established that exporters tend to be some of the most productive firms. But in today’s world,

Services are becoming increasingly important in global trade. This column shows that strong growth in services trade was driven

Amid geopolitical shocks, the EU is revisiting its industrial strategy. However, traditional metrics often paint a misleading picture of

The US embrace of power politics in the trade arena violates both the letter and spirit of the WTO’s




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