
Commodity wealth demands a fiscal balancing act
Commodity booms are easy to celebrate but hard to manage. For resource-rich economies, commodity windfalls—if managed well—can finance investment, strengthen

Commodity booms are easy to celebrate but hard to manage. For resource-rich economies, commodity windfalls—if managed well—can finance investment, strengthen

Housing shortages and rising rents have become a source of political pressure in many countries, prompting calls for stronger intervention

Of the estimated 244 million firms in Africa, 232 million (95%) are own-account businesses consisting of only the owner, and a

Technology in education has long followed a familiar pattern: excitement about a new tool, followed by disappointment when it fails

Commodity booms are easy to celebrate but hard to manage. For resource-rich economies, commodity windfalls—if managed well—can finance investment, strengthen





The role of non-bank financial intermediaries in the financial system has increased markedly over recent decades. This column documents how

Pension funds have traditionally invested in global bond markets which offer predictable income and support stable portfolios. This column documents

Foreign investors’ growing holdings of dollar-denominated bonds have created a large demand to hedge dollar risk. Using outstanding FX forward

As the EU reintegrates international carbon credits into its climate framework, understanding the associated risks is essential. For more than

Global climate and biodiversity outcomes will largely be determined in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs). We propose a four-pillar strategy

The European Union Nature Restoration Law (NRL) entered into force in 2024. The NRL sets quantitative restoration targets aimed at

Carbon pricing has become a central tool in Europe’s strategy to mitigate climate change. This column presents new evidence on

Whether the agrifood sector can create jobs will depend on its ability to shift from growing food

Recent military conflict in the Middle East have once again reminded the world how vulnerable modern economies
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