EU banking rules are under pressure for simplification, but reforms should cut complexity without weakening financial safeguards. Strong financial regulation
Asian investors struck a cautious tone on artificial intelligence as they increasingly wager on businesses that can withstand the AI-led
How households behave in an environment with deposit rates below zero is important for monetary transmission, but the literature is
Every year, the world adds floor space equivalent to a city the size of Paris roughly every five days. Most
Climate-driven displacement is widely expected to push millions across international borders. Drawing on monthly bilateral flows for 127 developing-country origins,
Rice feeds nearly 690 million people across Southeast Asia. For decades, governments across the region built entire policy architectures around
The EU Recovery and Resilience Facility was launched to support post-Covid recovery while accelerating structural transformation through investment and reform.
The EU’s fiscal rules in force since 2024 are often criticised for their complexity. The official implementation requires thousands of
More EU debt will not lower public borrowing costs or deepen markets without fiscal-union features, permanent issuance and credible fiscal
Central banks are rethinking reserve portfolios as geopolitical fragmentation raises concerns about the accessibility of foreign-held assets, while dollar-funding stress
As the EU reintegrates international carbon credits into its climate framework, understanding the associated risks is essential. For more than
Global climate and biodiversity outcomes will largely be determined in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs). We propose a four-pillar strategy
The European Union Nature Restoration Law (NRL) entered into force in 2024. The NRL sets quantitative restoration targets aimed at
Carbon pricing has become a central tool in Europe’s strategy to mitigate climate change. This column presents new evidence on
Whether the agrifood sector can create jobs will depend on its ability to shift from growing food
Recent military conflict in the Middle East have once again reminded the world how vulnerable modern economies
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