Europe’s ungoverned space: Military AI and the autonomy that cannot be bought
European defence ministries and intelligence services run on infrastructure they do not control and cannot independently audit – a situation highlighted by the US administration’s
Planning for the rising fiscal costs of climate disasters
Low insurance coverage is turning EU governments into disaster insurers of last resort, strengthening the case for prevention and adaptation finance. Climate-related disasters are affecting
Reciprocal sovereignty: A third constitutional tradition for Europe
The central constitutional question for Europe is how sovereign democracies can govern common goods together without creating a sovereign European state. This column proposes reciprocal
The right balance: how to fix European Union artificial intelligence regulation
EU AI regulation should trade lower ex-ante burden for robust ex-post monitoring, judicial review and liability to curb harms without stifling markets. The European Union’s
AI readiness is a policy choice: evidence from 24 overperforming countries
Rwanda has one of the lowest per capita incomes in the world. It also has a dedicated Responsible AI Office, privacy protection laws aligned with
Blue finance: Making waves for sustainable oceans and freshwater resources
Water is a key pillar of life and livelihoods — but it is massively underfinanced. From oceans and rivers to water supply and sanitation systems,
AI to double data centre power and water consumption by 2030, UN researchers say
Unless governments heed the rising environmental costs of AI, the rapid rollout could also strain scarce land resources and create mountains of electronic waste, the
Cheaper machines, costlier buildings: The drag on long-run growth
The steady decline in the relative price of equipment has long been seen as a primary engine of long-run growth. This column documents a quieter,
Global trade linkages and the cross-country distribution of the gains from AI
Productivity gains from AI are expected to be significant, but how international trade shapes the cross-country distribution of these gains remains an open question. This
The word is not enough: Testing the effects of information treatments on perceived corruption in Ukraine
Despite significant progress in fighting corruption since 2014, corruption perceptions in Ukraine are extremely high, while the government’s willingness to fight it is seen as
