Who holds sovereign debt and why it matters
Globally, government debt has increased substantially since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and geopolitical tensions. This columns asks who the investors that hold government
Digital access and infectious disease spread
While digital connectivity can greatly enhance healthcare delivery, especially in regions lacking traditional medical facilities, the overall impact of this increased access to information remains
Addressing banks’ vulnerability to runs, part 2: Policy options
The banking turmoil in March 2023 was the most significant system-wide banking stress event since the global crisis. This second column in a two-part series
The ‘hidden giant’: How official statistics underestimate the true scale of global services trade
Trade in services has been relatively neglected in trade policy debates. This column argues that this is partly due to the fact that ‘mode 3’
Sino-EU battery electric vehicle dispute: Mixing tariff and non-tariff measures
The rise in the use of non-tariff measures, especially in the form of antidumping duties and countervailing duties, has dramatically changed the landscape of trade
Addressing banks’ vulnerability to runs, part 1: Facts, arguments, and policy challenges
The bank failures in March 2023 revived old debates about the role of deposit funding for banks, the best way to address the fragility inherent
War and transnational reshoring
Firms can react to geopolitical and supply chain shocks by altering their input sourcing and sales destination choices. This column presents new evidence of the
A picture of income inequality and middle classes across the EU
Concerns about growing inequality and a shrinking middle class are deeply ingrained in European public perceptions. This column provides a more nuanced picture of Europe
Spillovers to emerging markets and investor heterogeneity
The recent rise in interest rates worldwide has reignited the debate over its implications for emerging market economies. This column uses data for the euro
Climate beliefs and asset prices
Climate-related risks, both those related to the warming of the planet and those related to our actions to mitigate it, are a factor in asset
