Raising employment among women and older workers: A policy lever for ageing economies
Declining working-age populations are set to weigh on growth across economies where the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development invests and beyond, with demographic projections
Demographic change: Headwinds for economic growth
With fertility rates falling and populations ageing worldwide, the impact of demographic change on economic prosperity has become a central policy concern. This column uses
Continued growth despite a challenging environment: The Commission’s Autumn 2025 Forecast
The EU economy grew stronger than expected in recent quarters and all member states are set to return to growth in 2025. Modest but steady
The macroeconomic implications of extreme weather events: Insights from advanced economies
Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity, yet their macroeconomic impacts remain poorly understood. This column argues that the highly localised nature of
The missing link: Why economic policy needs organisational economics
Europe faces slowing growth, ageing populations, and structural shifts. This column discusses how organisational economics can illuminate the impact of structural forces on Europe and
Empowering adult learners: Navigating digital skills in the AI era
According to the World Bank, one-third of the global population, roughly 2.6 billion people, live in “digital darkness,” meaning they lack access to the internet. Even European Union
The macroeconomic impact of ageing, EU immigration policy and pension expenditures
The EU faces ageing-driven fiscal strain, slower growth and rising pension costs, making employment-focused migration increasingly vital. The European Union population is ageing increasingly rapidly,
Stock market participation and financial education in the digital age
Stock market participation remains low, especially among the older, less affluent, and less educated households, despite its clear benefits for wealth preservation and growth. Although
Working hours around the world
Working hours are a fundamental determinant of economic growth and wellbeing, but we still lack a comprehensive picture of how they vary globally and historically.
Grants to women-owned businesses: when what’s for her does not stay with her
What explains why grants to women-owned microenterprises often fail to yield improvements in business outcomes, especially as compared to grants to men’s microenterprises? This is
