Green finance or financing green? Bridging the EU’s sustainable-finance and capital-market architectures
The European Union has not done a good job of integrating its green goals with its overall approach to finance. Sustainability disclosure and capital markets
The design and effect of tariff retaliation: Evidence from the EU
As global trade policy becomes increasingly protectionist, the threat of tariff retaliation looms large. This column analyses how the EU’s 2018 response to US steel
Hungary has room to streamline public spending without hurting growth
Cutting some state operating and economic spending to the average of its regional peers could save Hungary more than four percent of GDP. Hungary’s new
How to secure the benefits of an EU-wide incorporation regime
An EU Inc. plan for a common company regime should become more targeted and be underpinned by better system infrastructure. On 18 March, the European
OpenAI gives European companies access to its latest models to bolster resilience
U.S. artificial intelligence giant OpenAI said it was granting access to its latest models including GPT-5.5-Cyber to Deutsche Telekom, BBVA and dozens more European companies
The growing impact of political risk on financial markets
Risk associated with broad political changes can be quantified with a globally priced factor common across stocks, bonds and currencies. Political risk is increasingly driving
The case for a European Union digital enforcement authority
The European Union’s digital rulebook could be better enforced by delegating some of the European Commission’s powers to an independent agency. The European Commission plays
Fiscal drag in Europe: How inflation is quietly affecting public revenue
The 2022 inflationary spike in Europe has brought renewed interest in fiscal drag. Using harmonised microdata for 21 European countries, this column documents that the
The EU’s path to service growth and clean tech
The US is taking actions to reshore manufacturing while largely abandoning decarbonisation. This column argues that, in response, the EU should capitalise on the potential
An analysis of the EU telecom sector’s ability to remunerate its cost of capital
The EU’s digital economy relies on investments by the telecoms industry to keep the bloc at the forefront of digital innovation and connectivity. However, the
