Northern insights: Measuring geopolitical risk through Finnish news media
Much of what we know about geopolitical risk is filtered through a narrow informational lens of global English-language media. This column constructs a geopolitical risk
Don’t swap tariffs for minimum prices on Chinese electric vehicles
One year after the European Union imposed sweeping anti-subsidy duties on battery electric vehicles imported from China, the data tell a story very different from
The risk of tariffs as a tool to attract manufacturing investment
Recent tariff increases have sparked a debate over whether trade protectionism can effectively attract foreign investment. This column analyses how firms adjust their investment strategies
India forecasts 2025/26 economic growth at 7.4%
The Indian economy grew 6.5% in 2024/25 and 8.2% in 2023/24. India’s economy is expected to grow 7.4% in the fiscal year ending in March,
Japan seeks power to order divestment of foreign acquisitions
The step was among a raft of proposals for revisions to the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act submitted on Wednesday by a finance ministry
Multinational firms and global innovation
Multinational companies are at the heart of two key globalisation trends: the fragmentation of production and the internationalisation of innovation. This column studies the global
Drivers of international primary income balances
Financial globalisation since the 1990s has led to large holdings of cross-border assets and liabilities in many countries. This column analyses the yields on assets
The digital euro: Awareness, adoption, and household portfolios
Several central banks are pursuing plans to potentially introduce a central bank digital currency. This column uses survey data covering the 11 largest euro area
Saudi Arabia approves 2026 borrowing plan with $58bln in financing needs
The world’s top oil exporter is more than halfway through its Vision 2030 plan that calls for hundreds of billions of dollars in government investment
The state of competition: Why market power has risen – and why antitrust alone won’t fix it
There is intense debate over the origins and implications of rising market power and declining business dynamism across developed economies. This column argues that a
