Artificial bugs for enhanced cybersecurity
One-fifth of all cyberattacks target the financial sector, a share that is widely expected to rise. As cyberattacks become more frequent, the quantification and measurement
Layoffs, retirement, and post-pandemic inflation
The Covid-19 lockdowns and other anti-pandemic measures triggered a surge in layoffs and discharges. This column investigates the impact of these layoffs on the post-pandemic
New index tracks financial stress across the globe
Episodes of high financial stress have occurred both globally and in specific countries over the past six decades. This column introduces a new quarterly financial
Fiscal consequences of central bank losses
Central banks engaged in large-scale asset purchase programmes during and after the global financial crisis as well as during the COVID-18 pandemic, significantly increasing the
Regime changes and FDI: A tale of two countries
In the wake of recent political shifts, democratic institutions are being eroded, giving way to a consolidation of governmental power through autocratic means. This column
How geography shapes trade and finance: The legacy of Philippe Martin’s ideas
Philippe Martin, who passed away in December 2023, was an outstanding economist who will be sorely missed, not only by the profession itself – in
Union ‘effects’ on hourly and weekly wages: A half-century perspective
Union membership across the developed world has been falling for decades. This column uses data on wages and hours worked in the US over the
The new operating procedures of the Bank of England: A bonanza for the banks
In their fight against inflation, central banks have raised interest rates dramatically by raising the rates of remuneration of bank reserves. When central banks pay
Inflation’s fiscal impact on households
The US fiscal system is far from inflation neutral. Many provisions, such as the taxation of nominal asset incomes and Social Security benefits, are simply
Outsourcing market access services is a key strategy for firms expanding abroad
Business services like advertising, legal support and market research are key inputs for all manufacturing companies in an international business environment, since they are essential
