Finding the signal in the score: How the World Bank Group is aligning the Scorecard and impact evaluations

For years, the World Bank Group’s systems for measuring results operated in parallel tracks: corporate Scorecards that monitored performance through outcome-level targets, and impact evaluations
Pricing risks in bull and bear markets

Standard models of asset pricing assume that risky (safe) financial assets have higher returns because they have higher (lower) exposures to systematic risk factors. They

