Making AI work: From promise to practice
AI is here. Over 3 billion people globally use generative AI (genAI) like ChatGPT or Baidu’s Erni Bot monthly. AI helped researchers discover new proteins (and get
When two AI systems become one: unifying data and knowledge in global trade
Navigating global trade data is often a dual challenge for policymakers and researchers: finding the right numbers is hard, but understanding exactly what those numbers
From European public goods to a European safe asset: A pragmatic roadmap
The search for a European safe asset has generated no shortage of proposals, but these proposals require, from the outset, a degree of mutual trust
Measuring capital account openness: Why intensity matters
Recent debates have highlighted the trade-offs between maintaining openness to foreign capital and safeguarding macroeconomic and financial stability, but measuring the level of capital account
When energy shocks bite harder: Non-linear inflation dynamics
The conflict in the Middle East has exposed the euro area to higher energy prices. Using a flexible empirical framework, this column shows that inflation
Understanding spatial barriers to jobs and much more with GeoE3
Access to jobs is influenced by where people live and the conditions that surround them. Spatial factors such as infrastructure, safety, and exposure to natural
The growing impact of political risk on financial markets
Risk associated with broad political changes can be quantified with a globally priced factor common across stocks, bonds and currencies. Political risk is increasingly driving
Credit default swaps: Analysis and policies
Credit default swap spreads have become critical benchmarks for credit risk assessment. A recent report from the European Systemic Risk Board, however, uncovers a range
How sanctions can help stabilise global oil supply
There were initial concerns that the introduction of the Russian oil price cap in 2022 would see Russia cut production, global oil supply fall, and
Geopolitics in the evaluation of international scientific collaboration
International collaboration is one of modern science’s quiet superpowers. Increasingly, it is also a geopolitical flashpoint. This column presents new experimental evidence that shows both
