Peering beyond the veil of aggregate bank lending rate dynamics: Insights into credit-level pricing and composition effects
During the recent tightening and easing cycle, the aggregate bank lending rate to firms in the euro area increased by less than the rise in
Winners and losers from remote work: How firm capabilities impact productivity
Work from home is now a permanent feature of how firms organise production, yet its effects on productivity remain unclear. Using new data covering all
How the Fed makes decisions: Disagreement, beliefs, and the power of the Chair
Federal Open Market Committee statements typically sound unanimous, but the Committee’s internal debates rarely are. This column analyses historical meeting transcripts to show that policymakers
Femicides, anti-violence centres, and policy targeting
Local responses to gender-based violence, with femicide as its most extreme form, remain uneven across Europe. This column combines machine-learning forecasting with policy evaluation to
Forecasting inflation: The sum of the cycles outperforms the whole
Inflation reflects forces operating at different cycles, from short-lived shocks to slow-moving structural trends. Yet most forecasting models treat inflation as a single aggregate process.
Tariff reciprocity and the True Cost of Protection Index
Effective tariff index comparisons are spotlighted in media reports on trade wars and trade talks. This column argues that the effective tariff index is inadequate
Introducing the World Bank Land Data Map
From urbanization to agriculture, land systems touch nearly every aspect of development. That’s why the World Bank Group has launched the Land Data Map, a new
Global economy set for 2.7% growth; trade tensions cloud outlook
Policymakers face an increasingly complex inflation landscape, where supply risks call for a more coordinated and forward-looking approach. Global economic output is forecast to grow
Northern insights: Measuring geopolitical risk through Finnish news media
Much of what we know about geopolitical risk is filtered through a narrow informational lens of global English-language media. This column constructs a geopolitical risk
The risk of tariffs as a tool to attract manufacturing investment
Recent tariff increases have sparked a debate over whether trade protectionism can effectively attract foreign investment. This column analyses how firms adjust their investment strategies
