Carbon risk in loan pricing: Commitment channels and real effects
Transition risks related to climate change are increasingly recognised in equity and bond markets. This column uses syndicated loan tranches issued to US firms to
International carbon trading: a strategic lever to boost global decarbonisation
International carbon credits can support the EU’s 2040 target if buyers’ club rules and leverage ensure real mitigation gains abroad. Article 6 of the Paris
Lifelong learning is becoming increasingly important in response to labour market transformations
As digital, environmental, and demographic transformations reshape labour markets, skills influence who benefits from these changes and who falls behind. This column presents the findings
IMF strategy chief urges countries to maintain price stability
Christian Mumssen, the fund’s new director of strategy, cited a rapid succession of major shocks to the economy in recent years. The International Monetary Fund’s
Harmonising access and reinventing the procurement of innovative medicines in Europe
Europe pays for innovative medicines through 27 uncoordinated national negotiations, generating access delays, cross-country pricing externalities, and a weak position vis-à-vis both pharmaceutical firms and
The EU’s Recovery and Resilience Facility: Experience and lessons for the next multiannual financial framework
The EU’s Recovery and Resilience Facility has become a central test case for performance-based fiscal policy. Its experience offers lessons for the design of the
Investing in the future: ensuring women-led small businesses can thrive
When we picture engines of economic growth and job creation, we tend to think of large multinational companies and global brands. Yet, in emerging and
Microfinance’s promise was oversold, not broken
The Wall Street Journal recently published a sobering account of microfinance’s shortcomings, documenting troubling cases of over-indebtedness, land loss, and borrower distress in countries such
China shock 2.0 and the euro area: Cheaper imports, tougher competition
Chinese goods exports have expanded sharply since 2020, with Chinese firms increasingly competing in advanced manufacturing and technology sectors. This column shows that the dominant
One office day a month boosts remote team performance
Remote work has become a permanent feature of labour markets. But the question remains how to balance the benefits of remote work with the workplace
