South Asia is grappling with significant fiscal challenges that affect its governments’ ability to provide essential public services. Although its tax rates are often higher than average, the region struggles with low tax revenues. This blog explores the reasons behind these low revenues and discusses potential solutions to bridge the revenue gap and strengthen South […]
Despite headlines dominated by threats and implementations of US and retaliatory tariffs since President Trump’s inauguration, it was not until his “Liberation Day” announcement on 2 April that equity prices fell significantly. This column asks why equity prices reacted so slowly to the elevated trade policy uncertainty that followed immediately after Trump’s election. Historical evidence […]
As populations age, the demand for long-term care will increase dramatically. This column argues that markets for long-term care insurance in the US have failed to expand, despite nearly five decades of development in part because individuals too often rely on self-insurance or Medicaid – a means-tested programme that requires they spend down their assets […]
Strong coordination of wage setting has been maintained in Nordic countries through pattern bargaining. The tradables sector sets the first agreement, which then serves as the nationwide norm for subsequent wage increases. This column outlines that a key motivation for this model is to maintain international competitiveness and keep the wage share constant over time. […]
Global hunger and malnutrition are rising again after decades of progress. In 2024, 343 million people across 74 countries faced acute food insecurity—driven by the lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, conflicts, and economic shocks. In addition, food supply disruptions at local and global levels have become more frequent and severe. Since the 2007–08 global […]
Taiwan’s Foxconn, the world’s largest contract electronics maker, downgraded its full-year outlook on Wednesday citing recent appreciation of the Taiwan dollar, even as it struck an upbeat note about booming demand for AI servers. Foxconn, Apple’s top iPhone assembler and Nvidia’s AI server maker, has ridden the crest of the wave for artificial intelligence demand, but is […]
Why budget reliability matters Accurate revenue and expenditure forecasting is crucial for effective budgeting to ensure that governments can adequately plan for public services, infrastructure projects, and social programs without unexpected shortfalls. When forecasting is not accurate, governments may not be able to achieve fiscal stability and deliver on policy priorities. In this blog, we try […]
In 2018, after 3 years of droughts, the city of Cape Town in South Africa faced severe water shortages. Dam reservoir capacity had dropped to critical levels and the city was fast approaching “Day Zero” of no water availability. Desalination, new dams, strict water usage limits – all solutions were on the table. Solving the […]
As governments around the world combatted COVID-19, the US witnessed unprecedented levels of funding transfers from the federal government to state and local municipalities. This column examines how the influx of federal aid affected the population’s health. Leveraging the fact that states with excess representation in Congress received more assistance than underrepresented states, the authors […]
The fight against inflation has largely been won in the euro area, after a sharp but short-lived inflation episode over 2021-2023. This column argues that energy prices can explain the dynamics of inflation over the recent period better than the interest rate policy of the ECB. At the same time, higher interest rates led to […]
