The Chinese economy: stimulus without rebalancing
China’s growth model has continued to rely on expanding industrial capacity and exporting to the world, rather than on domestic consumption. This has lead to
No green growth without innovation
The ‘green growth’ debate is taking place in an oversimplified setting, largely disregarding the innovation factor. Technologies to mitigate climate change are being treated as
Globalization and the reform of European social models
Combining product and capital market reforms at EU level with labour market and social policies at national level would be desirable, particularly within the euro
Green hydrogen retreat poses threat to emissions targets
Green hydrogen developers are cancelling projects and trimming investments around the world, raising the prospect of longer than targeted reliance on fossil fuels. The challenges facing the
Bigger, better funded and focused on public goods: how to revamp the European Union budget
How should the European Union budget be revamped to meet the pressing collective challenges of climate change, competitiveness, defence, enlargement and response to unforeseen shocks?
Europe should innovate on defence, play it safe on debt
Strengthening existing safe assets should be a strategic priority for any new joint borrowing. Europe’s looming defence spending needs will put new demands on public
Reconciling the European Union’s clean industrialisation goals with those of the Global South
Importing energy-intensive goods would be more efficient for EU clean industry goals than importing clean energy itself. Clean industrialisation is a political and economic priority
How developing countries can measure exposure to the EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism
In January 2026, the European Union will require importers of certain carbon-intensive goods to pay for their products’ embodied carbon emissions. The policy, known as the
European Commission to allow stablecoin interchangeability
The European Commission is set to clarify that the European Union’s crypto rules allow stablecoins issued by a company with an EU licence to be
EU countries demand stricter controls on new CO2 price
Germany, the Czech Republic and 14 other countries have demanded the European Union introduce stricter price controls to the bloc’s new carbon market, over fears
