The quality of capital allocation in Europe
Europe’s investment debate tends to ask how much capital can be mobilised and how quickly. Allocation quality also depends on who receives capital and on
The design and effect of tariff retaliation: Evidence from the EU
As global trade policy becomes increasingly protectionist, the threat of tariff retaliation looms large. This column analyses how the EU’s 2018 response to US steel
Strategic autonomy for Europe requires economic growth
The current US administration’s willingness to weaponise trade makes clear that transatlantic economic relations have become entirely transactional. This column, taken from a CEPR book
