Beyond carbon pricing: How different climate policies affect carbon leakage through trade
A central concern in the climate policy debate is whether ambitious mitigation efforts simply shift emissions abroad. This column addresses estimates carbon leakage rates and
Beyond tariffs: A better approach to green industrial policy
Governments impose tariffs to protect domestic clean-energy industries and accelerate decarbonisation, but tariffs can increase the costs of deploying clean technologies. This column analyses the
Europe’s emissions trading system is an ally, not an enemy, of industrial competitiveness
The 2026 review of the EU ETS must be anchored in facts and focus on the potential benefits of the system to EU competitiveness. The
The political economy of climate policy: Evidence from the American Clean Energy and Security Act
Comprehensive national climate legislation remains elusive in the US. Linking district-level employment to roll-call behaviour in the 2009 House vote on the American Clean Energy
Green versus conventional corporate debt: Financing choices and climate outcomes
Green debt has become a defining feature of sustainable finance, as firms and investors seek to align capital with climate goals. This column documents the
The solution to Europe’s housing affordability crisis must include building decarbonization
The EU can help tackle Europe’s housing crisis by reducing energy costs, decarbonizing buildings and adhering to climate goals. The European Union has little power
China can decarbonise the world – but even that won’t fix its overcapacity problem
China is on track to meet global green-tech demand but needs to pivot from manufacturing to infrastructure. China is crucial role to the world’s green
Advantages and pitfalls of green public procurement as a European strategic tool
Green public procurement supports EU climate goals but may conflict with other objectives, creating trade-offs that challenge its effectiveness. Public procurement, or the purchasing of
How central bankers speak about climate and what this means for financial markets
Central banks have increasingly engaged with climate-related topics in their public communication, but little is known about the drivers and effects of this shift. This
A smart European strategy for electric vehicle investment from China
Chinese EV investment aids EU decarbonisation but brings risks, needing a united EU strategy to align it with climate, industrial and security aims. The European
