
The European Union’s external imbalances: past, future and policy
Europe’s rising external surplus now rivals China’s, reflecting weak investment and growing surpluses, pointing to a need for pro-investment

Europe’s rising external surplus now rivals China’s, reflecting weak investment and growing surpluses, pointing to a need for pro-investment

The 2025 Sevilla Commitment renews the push for domestic revenue mobilisation, with the EU needing stable, targeted support for

This essay analyses the causes of, and remedies for, external imbalances, and what countries should do if they do

Rising rates are testing Japan’s fiscal framework, with debt dynamics hinging on growth and pointing to the need for

With a return to the pre-Iran conflict energy status quo unlikely, a Hormuz toll may be the next best

US firms’ rise in EU asset management may weaken sustainable finance, making tougher stewardship, ESMA supervision and autonomy urgent.

When global uncertainty increases, emerging markets are typically the most exposed. Historically, tighter US monetary policy has led to

Global imbalances are back, and the lesson from history is that they often end in financial crises. This column,

Since the 1980s, real wages in the US have grown only slowly, even as productivity has continued to rise.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered an unprecedented displacement of millions of refugees across Europe, highlighting the need to examine

Europe’s rising external surplus now rivals China’s, reflecting weak investment and growing surpluses, pointing to a need for pro-investment

The 2025 Sevilla Commitment renews the push for domestic revenue mobilisation, with the EU needing stable, targeted support for

This essay analyses the causes of, and remedies for, external imbalances, and what countries should do if they do

Rising rates are testing Japan’s fiscal framework, with debt dynamics hinging on growth and pointing to the need for

With a return to the pre-Iran conflict energy status quo unlikely, a Hormuz toll may be the next best

US firms’ rise in EU asset management may weaken sustainable finance, making tougher stewardship, ESMA supervision and autonomy urgent.

When global uncertainty increases, emerging markets are typically the most exposed. Historically, tighter US monetary policy has led to

Global imbalances are back, and the lesson from history is that they often end in financial crises. This column,

Since the 1980s, real wages in the US have grown only slowly, even as productivity has continued to rise.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered an unprecedented displacement of millions of refugees across Europe, highlighting the need to examine




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