A wartime labour market: The case of Ukraine

The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has generated one of the largest labour supply and reallocation shocks in recent history. This column reveals,
AI and the distribution of income between capital and labour

The swift rise of artificial intelligence is raising fundamental concerns about the future of work. This column uses data from 238 regions across 21 European
Fiscal drag in Europe: How inflation is quietly affecting public revenue

The 2022 inflationary spike in Europe has brought renewed interest in fiscal drag. Using harmonised microdata for 21 European countries, this column documents that the
Credit default swaps: Analysis and policies

Credit default swap spreads have become critical benchmarks for credit risk assessment. A recent report from the European Systemic Risk Board, however, uncovers a range
Banking on nonbanks

Nonbank financial institutions play a central role in global credit markets, raising concerns about regulatory arbitrage, financial stability, and the effectiveness of macroprudential policy. While
How sanctions can help stabilise global oil supply

There were initial concerns that the introduction of the Russian oil price cap in 2022 would see Russia cut production, global oil supply fall, and
From tariffs to trade flows: Diversion effects and China’s exports to the EU

High US tariffs on imports from China in the first half of 2025 led to concerns about a large-scale redirection of Chinese exports to the
The EU’s path to service growth and clean tech

The US is taking actions to reshore manufacturing while largely abandoning decarbonisation. This column argues that, in response, the EU should capitalise on the potential
How X’s algorithm shifts political attitudes

Algorithms curate what users of social media see, raising concerns that they may distort attitudes and affect social and political outcomes. This column reports on
Fast payments and digital ID: Making everyday payments safer, simpler, and more efficient

Imagine this situation – María runs a small grocery shop, and one afternoon she receives a message asking her to pay a supplier urgently through

